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| Registros recuperados: 22 | |
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| Fernández-Giménez, Maria E.; Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University; maria.fernandez-gimenez@colostate.edu. |
| Since the mid-20th century, the Pyrenean pastoral social-ecological system (SES) has undergone socioeconomic and demographic transformations leading to changes in grazing practices and a decline in the livestock industry. Land abandonment has contributed to an ecological transition from herbaceous vegetation cover to shrublands and forests, leading to a loss of ecosystem services, including biodiversity and forage. I interviewed 27 stockmen (ganaderos) in two valleys of the central Pyrenees to document their traditional ecological knowledge and observations of environmental, social, economic, and cultural changes in the valleys. I used poetic analysis, a qualitative data analysis approach, to illustrate and analyze one ganadero’s experience of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Arts-based analysis; Cultural ecosystem services; Pastoralism; Place attachment; Place identity; Rangelands; Resilience. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Sarkki, Simo; Cultural Anthropology, University of Oulu, Finland; simo.sarkki@oulu.fi; Komu, Teresa; Cultural Anthropology, University of Oulu, Finland; Teresa.komu@oulu.fi; Heikkinen, Hannu I; Cultural Anthropology, University of Oulu, Finland; hannu.i.heikkinen@oulu.fi; Herva, Vesa-Pekka; Archaeology, University of Oulu, Finland; vesa-pekka.herva@oulu.fi. |
| Reindeer herding is an emblematic livelihood for Northern Finland, culturally important for local people and valuable in tourism marketing. We examine the livelihood resilience of Finnish reindeer herding by narrowing the focus of general resilience on social-ecological systems (SESs) to a specific livelihood while also acknowledging wider contexts in which reindeer herding is embedded. The questions for specified resilience can be combined with the applied DPSIR approach (Drivers; Pressures: resilience to what; State: resilience of what; Impacts: resilience for whom; Responses: resilience by whom and how). This paper is based on a synthesis of the authors’ extensive anthropological fieldwork on reindeer herding and other land uses in Northern... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cumulative pressures; DPSIR approach; Environmental governance; Land use; Livelihood resilience; Pastoralism. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Kuhn, Arnim; Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn; arnim.kuhn@ilr.uni-bonn.de; Naumann, Christiane; Department of Cultural and Social Anthropology, University of Cologne; christiane.naumann@uni-koeln.de; Rasch, Sebastian; Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn; sebastian.rasch@ilr.uni-bonn.de; Sandhage-Hofmann, Alexandra; Soil Science and Soil Ecology Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn; sandhage@uni-bonn.de; Amelung, Wulf; Soil Science and Soil Ecology Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn; wulf.amelung@uni-bonn.de; Jordaan, Jorrie; Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo; jorrie.jj@gmail.com; Du Preez, Chris C.; Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State; dpreezcc@ufs.ac.za; Bollig, Michael; Department of Cultural and Social Anthropology, University of Cologne; M.Bollig@verw.uni-koeln.de. |
| In the past decades, social-ecological systems (SESs) worldwide have undergone dramatic transformations with often detrimental consequences for livelihoods. Although resilience thinking offers promising conceptual frameworks to understand SES transformations, empirical resilience assessments of real-world SESs are still rare because SES complexity requires integrating knowledge, theories, and approaches from different disciplines. Taking up this challenge, we empirically assess the resilience of a South African pastoral SES to drought using various methods from natural and social sciences. In the ecological subsystem, we analyze rangelands’ ability to buffer drought effects on forage provision, using soil and vegetation indicators. In the social... |
| Tipo: NON-REFEREED |
Palavras-chave: Drought; Empirical resilience assessment; Globalization; Institutions; Monetary resources; Pastoralism; Rangelands; Social-ecological system. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| BurnSilver, Shauna; Mwangi, Esther. |
| This paper leverages datasets and results from two separate studies carried out across eight Kajiado group ranches and offers a unique opportunity to look at emergent pre- and post-subdivision trends from an interdisciplinary framework that combines ecological, political, and human-ecological research perspectives. It provides insights into the following issues: the loss of flexibility and mobility for Maasai herders’ dues to subdivision, the nature of collective activities that individuals pursue after subdivision, and the emergence of pasture sharing arrangements. NDVI profiles show that forage options for individual herders decrease dramatically under privatization, but rebound somewhat when parcels are shared between households located adjacent to each... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Kajiado; Mobility; Flexibility; Pastoralism; Collective Action; Subdivision; Group Ranches; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47825 |
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| Agbola, Frank W.; Harrison, Stephen R.. |
| Optimal intertemporal investment behaviour ofAustralian pastoralists is modelled using panel data for the period 1979–1993.Results indicate that quasi-fixity of inputs of labour, capital, sheep numbers and cattle numbers is characteristic of production in the pastoral region. It takes about two years for labour, four years for capital and a little over two years for both sheep numbers and cattle numbers to adjust towards long-run optimal levels. Results also indicate that, after accounting for adjustment costs, own-price product supply and input demand responses are inelastic in both the short and long run. |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Adjustment costs; Pastoralism; Supply response; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118436 |
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| Western, D.; Manzolillo Nightingale, D.L.. |
| Chapter Three of the Africa Environment Outlook Report is concerned with the impact of environmental change on human vulnerability. The Report considers vulnerability in the context of exposure to environmental hazards (contingencies, shocks and stresses) and the coping capabilities of people. In this case study, we will show that the Maasai of Kajiado district in Kenya (as well as other pastoralists) face two distinct types of environmental hazards. The first includes climatic uncertainty and drought. The second hazard consists of the environmental changes driven by shifts in land use patterns. Whereas the Maasai have well developed and intricate strategies for coping with the first type of environmental hazard, the impact of the second set of hazards has... |
| Tipo: Other |
Palavras-chave: Droughts; Climate change; Pastoralism; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16144. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/436 |
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| Haileslassie, Amare; Hagos, Fitsum; Mapedza, Everisto; Sadoff, Claudia W.; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Gebreselassie, Solomon; Peden, Don. |
| Through rapid assessment of existing literature and review of policy and other official documents, the report synthesizes the existing knowledge and gaps on policies and institutions and identifies key research issues that need in-depth study. The report provides an overview of the range of key livelihoods and production systems in the Blue Nile Basin (BNB) and highlights their relative dependence on, and vulnerability to, water resources and water-related ecosystem services. It also makes an inventory of current water and land related policies and institutions in the BNB, their organizational arrangements, dynamics and linkages and key policy premises. It highlights the major problems in institutional arrangements and policy gaps and makes suggestions for... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: River basins; Water policy; Institutions; Institutional development; Farming systems; Mixed farming; Cereals; Sorghum; Irrigated farming; Vegetables; Pastoralism; Poverty; Water supply; Sanitation; Labor; Ecosystems; Energy; Water power; Watershed management; Water harvesting; Legal aspects; Environmental policy; Water users associations; Irrigation programs; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91871 |
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| Kaye-Zwiebel, Eva; Resource Development Associates; evainkenya@gmail.com; King, Elizabeth; Odum School of Ecology and Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, University of Georgia; egking@uga.edu. |
| In the drylands of northern Kenya, as elsewhere in Africa, traditional pastoralist social-ecological systems are undergoing profound transformations. Diminishing resource availability, changing social values and governance systems, and new resource management institutions challenge the capacity of communities for effective common pool resource management. Individuals’ values and environmental perceptions play a substantial role in decision making regarding resource use and management. Additionally, social capital within communities can influence cooperative and adaptive resource management. We studied five Laikipia Maasai communities in Kenya, which share a common natural environment, history, and political organization. We surveyed... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Common pool resources; Conservation; Grazing; Pastoralism; Social capital. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Hopping, Kelly A.; Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University; Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University; khopping@stanford.edu; Yangzong, Ciren; Geography Department, Tibet University; ciy022@hotmail.com; Klein, Julia A.; Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University; Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University; Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University; julia.klein@colostate.edu. |
| Changing climate, social institutions, and natural resource management policies are reshaping the dynamics of social-ecological systems globally, with subsistence-based communities likely to be among the most vulnerable to the impacts of global change. These communities’ local ecological knowledge is increasingly recognized as a source of adaptive capacity for them as well as a crucial source of information to be incorporated into scientific understanding and policy making. We interviewed Tibetan pastoralists about their observations of environmental changes, their interpretations of the causes of these changes, and the ways in which they acquire and transmit this knowledge. We found that community members tended to agree that changing climate is... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Cultural consensus analysis global change; Local ecological knowledge; Pastoralism; Social networks; Tibetan Plateau. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Mwangi, Esther. |
| This paper discusses the internal processes and decisions that characterized the transition from collectively held group ranches to individualized property systems among the Maasai pastoralists of Kajiado district in Kenya. It addresses the question of why group ranch members would demand individualized property systems, but then turn against the outcome. In addressing this puzzle the paper discusses the process of land allocation and distribution during group ranch subdivision. It examines who the main actors were during subdivision, their degree of latitude in crafting and changing rules, and the interactions between Maasai and state institutions. Findings suggest that, because the process by which property rights change is so intertwined with politics,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Commons; Policy process; Property rights; Kenya; Land tenure; Pastoralism; Group ranches. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42510 |
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| McCarthy, Nancy. |
| In this paper, we develop a simple game-theoretic model to explore the relationship between management of common pool resources used as an input in livestock production (common pastures) and the adoption of inputs associated with intensified per animal production (veterinary services, purchased fodder, feed concentrates, etc.). Theoretically, it is shown that better managed pastures should lead to increased adoption of complementary inputs but decrease adoption of substitute inputs; impacts on stock levels, however, are ambiguous. An empirical model is developed and applied to data collected in northeast Burkina Faso in 2000 and 2002. Results indicate that better managed pastures, proxied by community-level cooperative capacity indices, are indeed... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Burkina Faso; Game theory; Common property; Livestock; Collective action; Pastoralism; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50063 |
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| Mwangi, Esther. |
| This paper explores the puzzle of why the pastoral Maasai of Kajiado, Kenya, supported the individualization of their collectively held group ranches, an outcome that is inconsistent with theoretical expectation. Findings suggest that individuals and groups will seek to alter property rights in their anticipation of net gains from a new assignment, even as they seek to eliminate disadvantages that were present in the status quo property rights structure. Heightened perceptions of impending land scarcity, failures of collective decision making, the promise of new income opportunities and the possibility of accessing capital markets motivated individuals to support group ranch subdivision. More importantly individuals were confronted with a declining... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Property rights; Privatization; Land tenure; Group ranches; Maasai; Pastoralism; Kajiado; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42492 |
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| Mobility is a millenary human strategy to deal with environmental change. An outstanding example of mobility is transhumance, an ancient pastoralist practice consisting of the seasonal migration of livestock between ecological regions following peaks in pasture productivity. The maintenance of transhumance depends partly on the preservation of related traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). We (a) identified and characterized social groups that hold transhumance-related TEK, (b) analyzed trends in transhumance-related TEK across generations and social groups, (c) examined the factors that influence variation in levels of TEK, and (d) analyzed elements of transhumance-related TEK as examples of adaptive strategies to cope with global change. We used... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive strategy; Drove road; Environmental change; Mobility; Pastoralism; Resilience. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| 平田, 昌弘; Hirata, Masahiro. |
| The participant observation and interview on the nomad, “Karnak-pa”, were conducted in September of 2010 and August of 2011 in Karnak, Ladakh district, Jammu and Kashmir Province, north India to understand the seasonal movement of the pastoralist in the Himalayan highland and analyze the characteristics of its strategy. The seasonal movement of Karnak-pa was largely classified into the 2 phases, summer and autumn grazing from late April to middle September/middle October, and winter and spring grazing from middle September/middle October to late April. The target of seasonal movement for grazing during summer and autumn was to get better grass resources, and the time of its movement was influenced by the condition of grass resources. Since grass resources... |
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Palavras-chave: チャンタン; 牧畜; 遊牧; 標高差; 季節移動; Changtang; Pastoralism; Nomadism; Difference of elevation; Seasonal movement. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3590 |
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| Registros recuperados: 22 | |
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